What is Spinal Deformity? Treatment Methods

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Spinal Deformity

Spinal deformity is a spinal disease that occurs when the vertebrae slide to the right or left, and sometimes develops when the spine rotates around itself. Spinal curvature, which causes serious posture and appearance problems and various problems; It is a health problem rather than a disease, and it can be corrected with modern treatment methods.

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What is Spinal Deformity?

The spine is an important bridge structure located between the head and legs, carrying two-thirds of the body weight. The spine, which is responsible for connecting many organs and tissues to each other, consists of 33 bones. 23 of these bones are mobile structures called vertebrae and seriously affect posture and mobility.

The spinal cord structure, one of the main parts of the central nervous system, is also included in the spine. The spinal cord, which provides communication between the brain and the trunk, arms and legs, is protected by the spine. Therefore, any problem in the spine can lead to possible problems in the spinal cord.

Spinal deformity is a problem that describes 3-dimensional curvatures occurring in the vertebrae. In this problem, the spine rotates both to the right or left and around the chest and waist area. In this rotational curvature, incorrect sitting styles are very effective in the development of the problem.


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How Often Does Spinal Deformity Occur?

Spinal deformity may occur due to incorrect posture and sitting habits or for other reasons. The frequency of occurrence of this problem is as follows:

  • It occurs in approximately 2-4% of the population.
  • The majority of spinal deformity consists of low-level curvatures.
  • It is 8-10 times more common in girls than in boys.
  • Only 10% of those with spinal deformity have a curvature that requires treatment.
  • With regular exercise and strengthening the back muscles, spinal deformity can be controlled and progresses more slowly.

Spinal Deformity Treatment Methods

The treatment method and process to be applied in spinal deformity varies depending on the cause of the disease, the rate of progression and the person. In other words, there is no single and definitive treatment method for spinal deformity, instead the process is decided together with the communication between the doctor and the patient.

One or more treatment methods may be preferred after considering the underlying cause, disease type and many other factors. Radiological findings should also be taken into consideration during the treatment decision phase.

There are generally three methods for treating spinal deformity:

Observation: For curvatures less than 20-25 degrees, the patient is first monitored regularly. In this process, a regular exercise program is prescribed to prevent the curvature from increasing, and movements that will cause sitting, walking and posture disorders should be avoided.
Corset Treatment: If the curvature angle is between 20-40 degrees and growth potential is observed, a corset should be used. By wearing a corset regularly, the possibility of surgery is reduced. In this process, the corset should be used 20-23 hours a day.
Surgical Intervention: Surgical intervention is required in cases where the curvature is extreme and deformities greater than 40-45 degrees. In this treatment, compared to other methods, the level of deformity is quite advanced and affects the functioning of various organs such as the lungs. Fixation surgery can be performed in people with completed lung development. For this, implants are placed in the waist and back areas and the curvature is prevented from progressing and pressing on the organs.

Regardless of the preferred treatment method, spinal deformity can be prevented with regular doctor follow-up and implementation of recommendations, and the person can successfully return to normal life.

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